The Brilliant Technology Behind the Invention of the Ultrasound
This is a writing sample from Scripted writer Malcolm McKinsey
The emerald is rarer than a diamond. It is an exquisite green, more precious by far than many other gemstones. It is a beryl, in Latin beryllus, from which we get the word "brilliant," meaning shiny and radiant. Ultrasound itself is, at its literal core, in no way "brilliant," for the simple reason that sound waves are not light waves. We need to combine the breathtaking technology of ultrasound with the literal brilliance of CRT screens to provide an unsurpassed tool for medical diagnosis. The thinking that created the technology behind ultrasound is truly brilliant, though. Ultrasound is marvelous for its ability to peer inside patients with nary a needle or knife to be seen. Early Ultrasound Like most inventions, ultrasound has many fathers. The source of inspiration may have been bats, or icebergs, or soccer. It depends on the strand you grasp onto and unravel from the entire skein of development. Lazzaro Spallanzani tried in the 1790s to find out how blindfolded bats could still navigate (just imagine for a moment this Italian priest blindfolding bats). He brilliantly realized their ears were more efficient than their eyes, a stance firmly rejected by leading scientists until 1938, when he was shown to be right all along. Spallanzani could not be reached for comment about being vindicated, having died in 1799. In 1877, Pierre Curie discovered piezoelectricity, which allowed a transducer to vibrate at ultrasonic frequencies. This led to sonographic imaging by Paul Langevin in 1915. He was attempting to hunt down submerged objects in the wake of the Titanic's 1912 sinking. Medical Ultrasound Doctors always have their patients' best interests at heart, so they naturally seized upon ultrasound as a breakthrough in treating...well, just about everything. European soccer teams received physical therapy with ultrasound in the 1920s and 1930s. Gastric ulcers and eczema were subjected to ultrasonic waves. In 1942, Karl Dussik used ultrasound in attempting to find brain tumors. John Wild used amplitude-mode (A-mode) and brightness mode (B-mode) instruments to hunt for intestinal and breast malignancies in 1955. Ian Donald developed a two-dimensional scanner and an automatic scanner in 1960, leading to early pregnancy detection (six to seven weeks) in 1963. In the early 1970s ultrasound was used successfully on musculoskeletal features, building on Dussik's 1958 work. The Technology Itself From large machines that overwhelmed entire rooms, ultrasound machines today can fit in the palm of your hand. Portable devices proliferate, allowing trainers to immediately assess sports injuries, zookeepers to check animals' health on the hoof, and skittish patients to relax in a chair while a sonographic technician checks them in complete comfort. One major manufacturer, Philips, provides machines for both diagnosis and intervention: Breast Imaging Cardiology Hepatology Internal Medicine Vascular Musculoskeletal Obstetrics and gynecology Radiology Remembering that sonography depends on sound waves, these technologically advanced machines can provide extremely accurate images in which the sound waves are interpreted and displayed as visible light, providing medical professionals immediate feedback on soft tissue conditions inside a patient. Doctors can see more clearly, with minimal patient discomfort, than ever before. Coupled with powerful computers, ultrasound machines can generate applications such as Philips' HeartModelᴬ⋅ᴵ⋅, an Anatomically Intelligent Ultrasound (AIUS) bringing live 3D quantification and automated 2D views to echocardiography. Cardiologists, working with experienced sonographers, can immediately learn heart ventricle volumes, heart health, and "see" 3D images to make quick decisions about patients. Hear the Writing on the Wall For anyone considering the field of medical sonography, the message is clear: you need a thorough grounding in all forms of ultrasound, so you are prepared for the advances still being made in this amazing technology. Being prepared for the continued intersection of computing and sonography means familiarity with recent breakthroughs in such areas as vascular ultrasound, 3D imaging, and elastography. For the well-trained, properly educated medical sonographer, the outlook for employment is genuinely brilliant, in all senses of the word. The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) says diagnostic medical sonographers and cardiovascular technologists and technicians, including vascular technologists, can expect a 26 percent growth in jobs through 2024. Coupled with the median annual wage of $54,330 in May 2014, this job growth means medical sonographers are in positions of power, pay, and prestige for years to come. Attend to This You may not be able to hear the ultrasounds these amazing machines produce, but you should listen to this bit of advice. You can get an excellent, forward-looking education that values the long tradition of ultrasound while teaching leading-edge techniques on modern equipment. Attend ECPI University to earn your A.A.S. in Diagnostic Medical Sonography in around 18 months. Graduate, take examinations in ultrasound specialities, and then employers will be all ears, ready to hear from you. Contact ECPI today to learn more.
Written by:
